Governments have been protecting trade names and trademarks used in relation to food products identified with a particular region since at least the end of the nineteenth century, using laws against false trade descriptions or passing off, which generally protect against suggestions that a product has a certain origin, quality or association when it does not. In such cases, the limitation on competitive freedoms which results from the grant of a monopoly of use over a geographical indication is justified by governments either by consumer protection benefits or by producer protection benefits.

Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee

Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee 

Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee is a classification of coffee grown in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica. The best lots of Blue Mountain coffee are noted for their mild flavour and lack of bitterness. Over the last several decades, this coffee has developed a reputation that has made it one of the most expensive and sought-after coffees in the world; over 80% of all Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee is exported to Japan.  In addition to its use for brewed coffee, the beans are the flavor base of Tia Maria coffee liqueur.

Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee is a globally protected certification mark, meaning only coffee certified by the Coffee Industry Board of Jamaica can be labeled as such. It comes from a recognised growing region in the Blue Mountain region of Jamaica, and its cultivation is monitored by the Coffee Industry Board of Jamaica.

The Blue Mountains are generally located between Kingston to the south and Port Antonio to the north. Rising to 2,300 metres (7,500 ft), they are some of the highest mountains in the Caribbean. The climate of the region is cool and misty with high rainfall. The soil is rich, with excellent drainage. This combination of climate and soil is considered ideal for coffee.

Ceylon Tea...........especially with the production of black tea .

Ceylon Tea , tea plantations took over 188 175 hectares ( 727 sq mi ) , or about 4 % of the country 's land area is covered in tea plantations . This plant grows best at high altitudes over 2,100 m ( 6,890 feet ) , and the plants require more annual rainfall of 100-125 cm ( 39-49 in) .

Tea is cultivated in Sri Lanka using the ' contour planting ' , where the tea trees are planted in rows in coordination with the contour of the ground , usually on the slopes . For commercial manufacture ' flush ' or leaf grows on the branches and trunk shrub used . 

Generally two leaves and a bud , which has the flavor and aroma , which skillfully plucked , usually by women . Sri Lanka is one of the few countries where each tea leaves are picked by hand rather than by mechanization , if the machine is used , often a large number of leathery leaves and twigs could be mixed in , add bulk but no taste for tea . With experience women have the ability to pluck rapidly and set a daily target of around 15 to 20 kg ( 33-44 lb ) of tea leaves to be weighed and then transported to a nearby tea factory . Sri Lanka tea crop in need of constant care and attention . An important part of the process is to take care of the soil with regular applications of fertilizer . Young plants regularly reduces 10-15 cm ( 4-6 in) from the ground to encourage lateral growth and trimmed very often with a special knife .

Tea factories found on most tea estates in Sri Lanka is very important for the final quality and value of tea produced . After plucking , the tea is very quickly taken to a warehouse to be weighed and monitored muster under strict supervision , and then are transported to factories . A tea factory in Sri Lanka is usually a multi-storey building located in tea plantations and to minimize the costs and time between plucking and processing tea . Leaves are transported to the upper floor of the factories where they are spread in troughs , a process known as withering , which removes the excess moisture in the leaves . After wilting , leaf tea is rolled, twisted and split , which serves as the catalyst for enzyme in the leaves to react with oxygen in the air , especially with the production of black tea .

in 1824 the factory was brought to Ceylon tea by the British from China and planted in the Royal Botanical Gardens in Peradeniya for non - commercial . Further experimental tea plants brought from Assam and Calcutta in India to Peradeniya in 1839 through the East India Company , and during the following years . In 1839 Ceylon Chamber of Commerce was also established followed by the Association of Planters ' Ceylon in 1854 . In 1867 , James Taylor marked the birth of the tea industry in Ceylon by starting a tea plantation in Loolecondera estate in Kandy in 1867 . He started at a tea plantation to plantation 19 acres ( 76,890 m2 ) . In 1872 he started a tea factory in Loolecondera real and complete the same year that the first sale was made in Kandy Loolecondra tea . In 1873 , the first shipment of Ceylon tea , consigned some 23 pounds ( 10 kg ) , arrived in London . Sir Arthur Conan Doyle commented on the establishment of tea plantations , " ... the tea fields of Ceylon are as true a monument to courage like the lion at Waterloo " .

Soon enough plantations around Loolecondera such as Hope , Rookwood and Mooloya located in the east and Le Vallon and Stellenberg to the south began to turn into a tea plantation and amongst the first tea plantations were established Sri Lanka .

Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee

Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee is a classification of coffee grown in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica. The best lots of Blue Mountain coffee are noted for their mild flavour and lack of bitterness. Over the last several decades, this coffee has developed a reputation that has made it one of the most expensive and sought-after coffees in the world; over 80% of all Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee is exported to Japan.  In addition to its use for brewed coffee, the beans are the flavor base of Tia Maria coffee liqueur.
Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee is a globally protected certification mark, meaning only coffee certified by the Coffee Industry Board of Jamaica can be labeled as such. It comes from a recognised growing region in the Blue Mountain region of Jamaica, and its cultivation is monitored by the Coffee Industry Board of Jamaica.
The Blue Mountains are generally located between Kingston to the south and Port Antonio to the north. Rising to 2,300 metres (7,500 ft), they are some of the highest mountains in the Caribbean. The climate of the region is cool and misty with high rainfall. The soil is rich, with excellent drainage. This combination of climate and soil is considered ideal for coffee.

Coonawarra, wine region, most geographical indication at downunder

Coonawarra is a wine region, on the Limestone Coast of South Australia, that is known for the Cabernet Sauvignon wines produced on its "terra rossa" soil. Coonawarra is an Aboriginal word meaning "Honeysuckle". It is about 380 km southeast of Adelaide, close to the border with Victoria. The first vines were planted by John Riddoch at Yallum, South Australia in 1890. Only the Redman family of Rouge Homme continued to produce table wine during this period, during which Shiraz was the main grape variety grown.  Fortunes changed when Samuel Wynn recognised the potential of the strip of terra rossa soil, and bought the original Riddoch cellars in 1951. Led by Wynns and Penfolds, Coonawarra was to play a leading role in the transformation of the Australian wine industry as it changed from making fortified wines to conventional table wines. Coonawarra's terra rossa soil is one of the most famous terroirs in the New World, covering an area of just 15 km x 2 km north of Penola. It lies on a shallow limestone ridge, raising it above the swampy land either side - it is no coincidence that the Riddoch Highway follows this ridge as carters sought the firmest ground in times past. This special bright red soil is clearly visible on an aerial photo. To the west of the ridge lies black rendzina soil which is poorly drained, and so is much less favourable for vines. There is also a 'transitional', or brown rendzina, soil which grows vines quite successfully. This geological complexity led to many disputes during an eight year period before Coonawarra was entered on the Register of Protected Names. At least one vineyard (belonging to Penola High School) has the boundary pass through the middle. Being just 60 km from the sea, Coonawarra has a somewhat maritime climate not dissimilar to Bordeaux. During the growing season, there is just 219mm rainfall (Oct-Apr), out of 585mm annually. Extensive cloud cover keeps the temperature down to 19.1°C in January. Coonawarra is synonymous with classy Cabernet Sauvignon, full of plum and blackcurrant fruit. So much so, that successes with other grape varieties is overlooked. In the early days Shiraz was the most widely-planted grape, and it produces some star wines such as Wynns Coonawarra Estate Michael Shiraz (formerly Michael Hermitage). The limestone geology also suits Chardonnay, Riesling, and Sauvignon Blanc. Coonawarra has a membership organisation for wineries, the Coonawarra Vignerons Association. Some of the wineries with cellar doors include Wynns Coonawarra Estate. Other wineries who use fruit from the Coonawarra include Yalumba and Penfolds.